10.542 /10.442 Biochemical Engineering
Spring 2005
Exampl e Reaction s fr o m th e E C Classes
Clas s 1 . Oxidoreductases
(a) EC 1.1.1.27 – lactate dehydrogenase pyruvate +NADH + H + → lactate + NAD +
O H
H O
OH OH
O O
(b) EC 1.4.1.9 leucine dehydrogenase (reductive am ination) trim ethylpyruvate + NADH + NH4 + → L- ter t -leucine + NA D + + H 2 O
O
O
O H 2 N
OH OH
Clas s 2 . Transferases
(a) EC 2.6.1.x transam i nase
acetophenon e + L-alanin e → phenylethylam i ne + pyruvate
O NH 2
NH 2 O
OH OH
+ O + O
(b) EC 2.1.1.20 glycine-N-m e thyltransferase
N
N
O
N N
glycine + S-adenosyl-m ethione → m e thlyam ino-acetic acid + S-adenosyl-cysteine
H 2 N
S +
O
H O
NH 2
H O + O
H O OH
NH 2
O H O
NH
H O + O
NH 2
R
S
Clas s 3 . Hydrolases
(a) EC 3.1.1.x lipase
ethyl 2-m e thyl-5-thien-2-ylpentanoate + H 2 O → 2-m e thyl-5-thien-2-ylpentanoic acid + ethanol
S
S
O O
O OH
H O
+
(b) EC 3.5.5.1 nitrilase
3-hydroxypentanedinitrile + 2H 2 O → 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
OH
NC CN
OH O
NC
OH
Clas s 4 . Lyases
(a) EC 4.1.1.12 L-Asp- -decarbox ylase aspartate → alanin e + CO 2
O O
H O
OH OH
O NH 2 NH 2
(b) EC 4.3.1.1 aspartate a mmonia lyase (aspartase) aspartate → fum a rate + NH 3
O O
H O H O
OH OH
O NH 2 O
Clas s 5 . Iso m erases
(a) EC 5.3.1.1 triose phosphate isom erase dihydroxyacetone phosphate → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
O
H O
O P O -
O O -
O
O
H O P O -
OH O -
(b) EC 5.1.1.1 alanin e racem ase L-alan ine → D-alanin e
O O
OH OH
NH 2 NH 2
Clas s 6 . Lig a ses
(a) EC 6.5.1.1 DNA ligase (ATP-dependent) Consult your neighborhood bio book!