MI T N S E
MI T NS E
In t r o d u c t io n 22. 011
Fe b r u a r y 5 th , 2 0 2 0
3/ 17/ 21 © M I T N u c l e a r S c i e n c e a n d E n g i n e e r i n g D e p a r t me n t 1
Nucl ea r S ci ence a nd E ng i neer i ng a t M I T MI T NS E
• C o r e di s c i pl i ne , r e s e a r c h a nd t e a c hi ng a r e a s i n N S E , w i l l pl a y a n i nc r e a s i ng l y i m po r t a n t r o l e i n t he wo r l d
• D e m a nd f o r e l e c t r i c i t y g l o ba l l y w i l l no t de c r e a s e , ne e d c a r bo n- fre e s o ur c e s o f e ne r g y
• Gl o ba l e l e c t r i c i t y c o ns um p t i o n i s pr o j e c t e d t o g r o w 4 5 % b y 2 0 4 0
• NS E v i s i o n i s t o b u i l d n e w pa r t ne r s hi p s a t M I T a nd be y o nd t o ex p a n d r e s e a r c h i n s u p p o r t o f fi s s i o n a n d fu s i o n f o r a d d r e s s i n g cl i m a t e cha ng e
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Figure courtesy of Jacopo Buongiorno . Used with permission. 2
Fi s s i o n – Ch a l l e n g e s
• Co s t ! M e g a p r o j e c t s …
• Ca n f i s s i o n g o s m a l l e r ? L e s s ex p e n s i v e t o c o n s t r u c t f i s s i o n re a c t o r s ?
• Publ i c pe r ce p t i o n
• De s p i t e a n o u t s t a n d i n g s a f e t y a n d en v i r o n m en t a l r ec o r d , c i v i l i a n nuc l e a r po w e r f a c e s s i g ni f i c a n t ac c e p t an c e c h al l e n g e s .
• Th i s cl a s s w i l l e x p l o r e h o w s ch o l a r s co m m u n i ca t e a b o u t v e r y t e c h n i ca l l y co m p l e x t o p i c s t h r o u g h t r a d i t i o n a l Op - Ed p i e c e s i n n e w s p a p e r s .
MI T NS E
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Fi s s i o n – Ca r b on F r e e En e r g y
MI T NS E
• Fi ssi on h a s r e l i a b l y a n d 100
ec o n o m i c a l l y c o n t r i b u t ed 90
S h a re o f c a rb o n - f ree el ec t ri c i t y ( 2 0 1 6 d a t a )
70
~20% o f e l e c t r i c a l g e ne r a t i o n 80
% T W h
in U S A o v e r t h e p a s t t wo 60
de c a de s 50
40
20
30
• Fi ssi on p o w e r & H y d r o 10
to g e t h e r p r o v i d e m a j o r i t y o f 0
ca r b o n - fr e e e l e c t r i c p o w e r ge n e r at i o n w o r l d w i d e
Wo r l d U. S . Ch i n a E. U . R . O. K .
N u c l ea r Hy d r o S o l a r , Wi n d , G e o , e tc .
C ourtesy of Jacopo Buongiorno . Use d with permission.
3/ 17/ 21 © M I T N u c l e a r S c i e n c e a n d E n g i n e e r i n g D e p a r t me n t 4
Pr e s e n t D a t a a n d F u t u r e Pr o j e c t i o n s t o t h e y e a r 2 0 4 0 : MI T
El e c t r i c i t y g e n e r a t i o n b y f u e l ( b i l l i o n ki l o w at t h o u r s ) NS E
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Fos s i l Fue l Ca r b o n F r e e
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Ca r b o n F r e e
Image courtesy of U.S. Ene rgy Information Administration.
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So u r c e : U . S. E n e r g y I n f o rm a t i o n Ad m i n i s t r a t i o n | An n u al E n e r g y O u t l o o k 2 0 1 6
Fus i o n – Ca r b on F r e e En e r g y
MI T NS E
• Fu si on r e l i e s on c on f i n i n g a 100, 000, 000 de g r e e pl a s m a fo r s e c o n d s t o g e n e r a t e en er gy f r o m r ea c t i o n s o f hy d r o g e n i s o t o p e s
• Br i n g i n g a s t a r t o e a r t h !
Ze r o c a r b o n , n o p o l l u t i n g e m i s s i o n s
Fr e e l y a v a i l a b l e a n d i n e x h a u s ti b l e f u e l s u p p l y Fl e x i b l e g e n e r a t i o n a n y w h e r e
No r i s k m e l t d ow n o r l o n g - liv e d w a s t e
Image courtesy of N ASA .
3/ 17/ 21 © M I T N u c l e a r S c i e n c e a n d E n g i n e e r i n g D e p a r t me n t 6
SP A R C e x p l o i t s n e w s u p e r c o n d u ct i n g t e ch n o l o g y to a c h i e v e h i g h p e r f o r m a n c e i n c o m p a c t d e v i c e
MI T i s p a r t n e r i n g w i t h s t a r t u p c o m p a n y a n d i n d u s t r y t o b u i l d wo r l d ’ s f i r s t n e t - en er g y f u si on e x p er i m en t
MI T NS E
3/ 17/ 21
Image courtesy of MIT N ews. 7
En g i n e e r i n g th e T ool s of th e F u tu r e
MI T NS E
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• Qu a n t u m E n g i n e e r i n g i n NS E
• Qu a n t u m c o mp u t i n g , b u t a l s o qua n t um s e ns i ng a nd si m u l a t i o n
• Do y o u w an t t o m o d el a b l ac k ho l e us i ng a c r y s t a l pur c ha s e d fr o m e B a y ?
Image courtesy of MIT N ews.
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Sc i e n c e : S y s t e m s : So c i e t y MI T
NS E
Re s e a r c h C o m m o n s
Ma t e r i a l s i n E x t r e m e En v i r on m e n t s
So ur c e s , D e t e c t i o n and Co n t r o l
Ad v a n c e d C o m p u t i n g , Mo d e l i n g a n d S i m u l a t i o n
Ap p l i c a t i on Ar e a s
Fi s s i o n
Fu s i o n
Nu c l e a r S e c u r i t y
Qu a n t u m E n g i n e e r i n g
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